Rotational grazing divides a property (or a portion of it) into multiple paddocks, and stock are moved systematically to allow each paddock a rest period before being grazed again. The key variable is the rest period — the time a paddock has to regrow before stock return.
Benefits of rotation
- Allows targeted species (especially legumes) to set seed and regenerate
- Prevents selective overgrazing of preferred species
- Creates a visible feed budget — you can see what is available in spelling paddocks
- Improves utilisation efficiency compared to continuous set-stocking
Designing a rotation
Start with your target rest period (typically 60–90 days in a summer-dominant 600 mm rainfall area during the growing season) and work backwards. If you want 90-day rest periods and each paddock is grazed for 15 days, you need at least seven paddocks. More paddocks give you more flexibility.
During the dry season, rest periods become less relevant as pasture growth slows or stops. Many operators use a loose rotation in the dry season and a structured one in the wet season when pasture growth is rapid and recovery from grazing is fast.
Common pitfalls
- Grazing too frequently — rest periods shorter than regrowth requires, leading to depletion of plant reserves
- Underutilising paddocks — leaving feed behind when stocking pressure is too light to use it
- Inflexible systems — sticking to a rotation when seasonal conditions require deviating
Getting started
If you are running a continuous grazing system, the first step does not have to be a full rotation. Start by spelling one or two paddocks during the wet season and observe the recovery. This gives you a practical feel for rest requirements on your country before committing to fencing and water infrastructure for a full system.